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CAS: 65-85-0
SKU: S2400
Benzoic Acid | SKU: S2400
Synonyms: Benzenecarboxylic acid; Carboxybenzene
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Benzoic Acid is a simple aromatic carboxylic acid that Sarchem Labs supplies in bulk as one of the most widely used organic acids in industrial and research chemistry. It’s a common synthesis intermediate, a well-known food and cosmetic preservative in its salt forms, and a foundational reference compound in analytical chemistry. Every lot ships with a Certificate of Analysis and Safety Data Sheet.
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Specifications

Boiling Point249°C (lit.)
Melting Point121–125°C (lit.)
Linear FormulaC6H5COOH
Physical FormCrystalline
Molecular Weight122.12 g/mol
SMILES StringOC(=O)c1ccccc1
Solubility2.9 g/L (water, 25°C)
CAS Number65-85-0
EC Number200-618-2
NACRESNA.21
PubChem Substance ID24854555
UNSPSC Code12352100
MDL NumberMFCD00002398
InChI1S/C7H6O2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,8,9)
InChI KeyWPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Beilstein/REAXYS Number636131
Quality Level200
Reference GradeACS reagent, ≥99.5%

Applications

Synthesis intermediate (benzoyl chloride, benzotrichloride, aroma compounds)
Paint, pigment, and varnish manufacturing intermediate
Food/cosmetic preservative research (in its salt forms, e.g., sodium benzoate)
Analytical chemistry reference standard (HPLC, radical-reaction mechanism studies)

Product Description

What is Benzoic Acid?

Benzoic Acid is the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid, a benzene ring carrying a single carboxylic acid group. It’s produced industrially by catalytic oxidation of toluene, and its chemical stability and well-characterized reactivity make it both a common synthesis building block and a standard reference compound for analytical method development.

Uses of Benzoic Acid

Benzoic acid serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of benzoyl chloride, benzotrichloride, and various aroma compounds, and is used in the manufacture of paints, pigments, and varnishes. In its salt forms (like sodium benzoate), related compounds are widely used food and cosmetic preservatives. In analytical chemistry, it’s a standard reference compound for HPLC method work and for studying the mechanism of hydroxyl-radical addition reactions with aromatic compounds.

Safety Information

Sigma Aldrich’s GHS classification includes a lung-specific chronic toxicity warning — more serious than benzoic acid’s “mild” reputation suggests.

  • Signal Word: Danger | Hazard Statements: H315 (Skin irritation), H318 (Serious eye damage), H372 (Causes damage to organs — lungs — through prolonged or repeated exposure)
  • Target Organ: Lungs
  • Storage Class: 6.1C – Combustible, toxic/chronic-effect materials
  • PPE: Eyeshields, gloves — minimize repeated/prolonged exposure given the lung-toxicity classification

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FAQs: Benzoic Acid

Mainly as a synthesis intermediate (benzoyl chloride, aroma compounds), a raw material for paints and varnishes, and an analytical chemistry reference standard; its salts are common food/cosmetic preservatives.

Yes — beyond being an eye and skin irritant, Sigma's classification includes lung-specific chronic toxicity (H372) from prolonged or repeated exposure, which is more serious than benzoic acid's common "mild" reputation; minimize repeated exposure.

C6H5COOH, molecular weight 122.12 g/mol.

No — sodium benzoate is the sodium salt of benzoic acid, more water-soluble and the form typically used as a food preservative; benzoic acid itself is the parent acid.

Yes, for every lot (SKU S2400).